The Brown vs Board of Education Case

cubic decimetre years ago when the termi tribe was handed down in the brown vs Board of Education shield segregated school systems came to a skreak halt. Five decades later there be still hot debates on the effectiveness of such a ruling. Today, while schools are non de jure segregated, there are segregation trends because of the way populations gather in areas and the local anesthetic schools are impacted by such populations. Laws have been in pop out to prevent segregation and fryren have been bused across town to try and execute racial residuum, but recent changes to legislation have stopped that as well. Today, the nation is divided on the segregated school issue one time again.The main theme of the first article is that segregation in schools today, does non take on the aforesaid(prenominal) meaning as it did when the Brown decision was handed down. Today, according to the author population imbalance has to a greater extent to do with population desires to be locat ed near each other, as is the case with many Spanish speaking and European areas of the nation(Mckenna 1995).According to the author, segregation in this case is a positive thing as it places people of the same language in the same area thereby reducing cultism and inability to function until the children can develop stronger English skills(Mckenna 1995).The author believes that the conclude to racism is not to force busing or other methods that will delegate children in several(a) school populations. Instead, the author believes racism can be ended by working on society as a whole and embracing the very differences that gain America the nation that it is today.For the to the highest degree part I agree with the article. I know if I did not speak English I would be hesitant to allow my child to be bused across the city just for the sake of racial balance within the school system. I would prefer to keep them close to a familiar area with their familiar language being spoken.I d o not agree however with the statement that segregated schools are not evil. I believe there is a fine line among not pushing kids and letting them be left behind. If we do not force the balance of race within the school system we must(prenominal) instead be very careful not to let the nonage school systems fall by the wayside when it comes to funding and other things that make education possible.In the second article the author believes that segregated schools rove certain students at a detriment. Citing the problems including not preparing children for a naturally diverse society the author believes it is essential to mix the races while students are four-year-old enough to embrace such cultural differences(Droesch, 1996).With or without a desegregation plan in place, many of our children continue to experience segregation and racial bias in school. If our children continue to live in racially polarized communities and aid segregated schools, they will be at a distinct disa dvantage in todays global village. For all of our regions youth to meet the challenges of working in a multicultural world, they must have the opportunity to learn in an environment that advocates inclusion and respect for diversity(Droesch, 1996).The author believes desegregation plans for school systems is a beginning step to solving the problem of racism in America.I agree that segregated schools will cause a continued polarized attitude. I agree with the author that we must prepare our nations children for a racially diverse community. I believe it is important to reach students when they are young and most open to diversity. This will assist in the nations global effort to stop racism.I agree more with the second article than the first one if language barriers are interpreted out of the equation.

Analytical Essay – Even Wives Want a Wife

Even Wives want a Wife In todays high society the married woman is seen as the member of the home plate that upkeeps the ho call and caters to others needs. Who wouldnt want one of these of their protest? In I Want a Wife the pen Judy Brady sardonically explains why e preciseone would want a wife. She begins with a story of how a relay link of hers is newly single and he is looking for a wife although in reality he wants a servant Brady then realizes that she too wants a wife of her own (Brady 542).The main points do in the turn out atomic number 18 what the wife would do for the cause such as household chores, fetching care of children, catering to her friends and umpteen other satirical duties. All the trance some(prenominal) literary devices are used to enhance the article. She uses these elements to show sexist and selfish root words of men that are prevalent in society. I Want a Wife efficiently reasons for how the male gender generalizes the role of a wife in a sexist way in our society by making use of ethos, logos, shame, satire and repetition.Ethos is used in the essay as Brady is a wife herself. Since she is she must have a current expertise of being a wife. As she states in one of the arising paragraphs I belong to that classification of people known as wives. I am a wife. And, not altogether incidentally I am a fuss (Brady 542). This shows her credibility that all the jobs and duties she mentioned must have been personally experienced by her. The globey jobs and chores discussed make the hearing feel discernment for wives and the author herself by means of pathos.The author concludes the essay by saying My god, who wouldnt want a wife (Brady 544)? This rhetorical question allows the commentators to determine that this idea is wrong and treats women like a lesser being compared to men. The ending alike evokes the reader to take action towards the topic. The author utilizes logos by stating many facts such as jobs women oft en do while harangue through experience. She lists all of these over exaggerated duties to indirectly saying that women are expect to do too ofttimes in todays society.Brady speaks of several seemingly unethical chores like cleaning the house, preparing dinner to serve to friends and not speaking when the husband is talking (Brady 543). This helps get her point across by exaggeration to show how the wife is expected to have a servant like persona. Brady uses satire from the beginning of the essay to the very end of it. It is chiefly used to show a male viewpoint of a wife. And I want a wife who understands that my sexual needs may inculpate more than strict adherence to monogamy.I must, after all, be able to bear on to people as fully as possible (Brady 544). Here the author satirizes the mans view of what the wife must do and what he should be able to do, which in this case is have various partners. The use of satire is very effective in this article demonstrating how a man ex pects to have a perfect wife further illustrating the authors image of sexism in society. Repetition is used in several of the authors paragraphs. I want a wife (Brady 543) is used in the beginning of a few paragraphs to catch your eye and to get Bradys idea burnt into your brain.This also helps as a smooth enactment for the many duties described that the wife must do. Continually stating this phrase raises the thoughts of the audience making them want a wife as well. The author made fantastic use of literary devices throughout the essay. The effectiveness of satire to me was the near powerful using it to demonstrate how men expect so much from women and how many of the duties they perform are almost slave like. Ethos, logos and pathos were used successfully in many instances that appealed to the senses.As Brady is a wife and mother herself this make her a credible source so she clearly knows what she is speaking of. There was emotional appeal making the audience sympathize for th e wife and feel anger towards men. Logic was used to show the wifes duties and what their husbands expect of them. In conclusion I thought this was a very well thought out and written article because it attempts to make the reader want to take action against the topic through all of these elements.

Pronoun Usage Essay

Someone had left their tennis lieu in the nitty-gritty of the floor. This designate has a problem with pronoun usage in that there is a plural personal possessive pronoun, but individual is a singular pronoun. Therefore, the condemnation contains an error in agreement. One can fix this error in four different ways. The first is to correct the error. Someone had left HIS or HER tennis shoes in the oculus of the floor. This uses a singular personal possessive pronoun of his/her which does agree with the singular someone. Another way to correct the blame is to use a plural subject. For example, both of my brothers left their tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. Here, the pronoun BOTH agrees with the pronoun their in that they are both plural. A third way to fix the error is to remove the pronoun altogether. The sentence would dependable like this Someone had left tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. Of course this one does not imply that the shoes left needfully belonged to the someone in question. Finally, one can avoid the confusion with the pronoun someone by using a more obviously singular subject. For example, a person left his or her tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. Or, my mother left her tennis shoes in the middle of the floor, or my father left his tennis shoes in the middle of the floor.

Traditional Viking Religion

Traditional Viking Religion The Vikings religious beliefs were everlastingly changing and evolving. They had galore(postnominal) different bearings of worshiping, and viewing their divinitys. It was dependent completely on where you lived, in what era, and what your social class was, though the Vikings werent precise strict on this. Most of these beliefs were recorded after Christianity had already taken hold of the Viking culture. But, it seems that beneath their exposeer appearance of safe(p) little Christians, they were simmer down telling the stories found on their original beliefs.These stories and myths ended up being documented in three different ways Poetic taro plant, Skaldic poetry, and Prose Edda. Poetic Edda was a compilation of poems written in Ice trim down near after the mid-thirteenth century. They came from any(prenominal) ein truthplace S enddinavia, which includes the countries of present-day Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Skaldic poe try was written nearlyly in the ninth century, exactly is genuinely complex, and thitherfore difficult for most(prenominal) nation to understand. The Icelandic poet, politician, and historian, Snorri Sturlu give-and-take, wrote Prose Edda in the 1220s.Prose Edda is the most unremarkably employ resource on Viking mythology today, because it was Sturlusons goal to revive ( besides alike explain) the skaldic art. A presbyopic with his poems, he had a key of sorts that do understanding his work possible. (Wolf 148-149) Some Vikings believed that the military man was made up of several circles of different worlds entirely of them machine-accessible in most way. Others believed in the nine worlds that were all connected by the world tree, referred to as Yggdrasil (Roberts). Yggdrasil was at the reduce of the world, and had nine roots, severally root branching fall kayoed to hotshotness of the worlds.At the bottom of both thing was Niflheim, the world of the dead. Thi s realm is rule by the finale- graven imagedess, Hel. She named a portion of Niflheim after herself. Unlike its Christian counterpart when it haps to the world of the dead, Niflheim is a land of ice, not fire. There is a root tether into Niflheim, and peer slight leading directly into Hel. accordingly came the land of the giants, Jotunheim. It is also sometimes called Utgard (Wolf 149) it was mostly know as the land of monsters, and enemies of the matinee idols. After this, came a realm that there isnt much to known most Nidavellir, the realm of dwarfs.Next came three realms of roughly equal rank. The two elf lands, Svartalfheim, the land of the dark elves, and Alfheim, the dobriny of the watery elves. Alfheim was thought to be at the same level as the kernel world, where populace dwelt, known as wither Midgard or The Middle Yard. and then at the top of e precisething were the two different major realms where immortals lived Asgard, where the Aesier immortals and god desses lived, and Vanaheim, where the Vanier (an some an some other(a)(prenominal) tribe of gods and goddesses that were more(prenominal) nature focused than the Asier) lived. In Asgard and Vanaheim individually deity lived in his or her own kingdom.It was believed that a flaming rainbow bridge called Bifrost, connected Midgard to the worlds where the gods lived. There were also two other realms that werent connected to Yggdrasil. These were Muspell, and Ginnungagap. Muspell was the land of the Fire Giants, and demons, ruled by Surt (Roberts), who plays a vital role in both the root word and the end of the world. Ginnungagap is the Void of Chaos, where life history began. It separates Niflheim and Muspell. In the beginning, before up to now humans or gods there were three realms Muspell, Niflheim, and Ginnungagap.In betwixt Muspell and Niflheim two creatures were carcassed a gargantuan frost giant, Ymir, and a huge cow, Andumla. Ymir drank some of Andumals draw and grew st rong. After this development, the rootage giants sprung out of Ymirs legs and armpits (Roberts). Then while Andumla was debacle the salty ice, it uncoered the first god Buri. He had a son by a giantess, Bestla. This son, Bor, fathered three sons with the giantess Bestla Odin, Vili, and Ve (godchecker ink. ). These three got into a fight with Ymir, and managed to protrude him in the way all classic heroes kill monsters.Then, after pull the frost giants body to the middle of Ginningagap, they created the world with him. victimisation his flesh for land, bones for mountains, and his blood for water. Ymirs skull formed the vault of the sky. Still-glowing embers from Muspell were used for the sun, moon, and stars. The first tree was Yiggdrasil. It was supposed to support the entire universe. The nine realms were create off it. They then made the first man and woman out of trees, an modify and an elm that they had found washed up on the shore. From the ash and a tree trunk they mad e Ask, the first man.From the Elm they created the first woman, Embla. At the base of Yiggdrasil lived the three norns. These were the goddesses of destiny. They represent past, present and future, and spin e realones destiny. Urd works with past, Verdandi deals with the present, and Skuld decides the future. It was also their job to take c are of Yiggdrasil. They watered the land as well as repaired either damage done to the tree. They were rattling different from the rest of the gods. They didnt go around having love lives, and getting mixed up in feuds of all sorts of trouble. There is one thing that the norns shtupnot save Yiggdrasil from.At the end of the world, Ragnarok, the world tree itself will be destroyed. The Viking layer of the end of the world is the end of the entire universe. E very(prenominal)one except a a couple of(prenominal) select gods and two humans perish. Before the expectant passage of arms between the gods and the evil creatures, a dark age comes u pon the earth. For three old age it is a dark winter. In this time the world of men will be consumed in war with everyone fighting separately other. Family ties are broken, and become friendships forgotten. These relationships are vastly significant to Vikings. To squander them be destroyed would seem very wrong to any Viking.To top it all off the sun, moon, and stars disappear, leaving the world in darkness. The land is shaken with terrible earthquakes, causing trees to uproot, and mountains to topple. These earthquakes also innocent(p) the wolf, Fenrir, and his father, the trickster god Loki from their bonds. Fenrir was imprisoned when he grew also big, strong, and wild to be kept as a pet in Asgard. A magic ribbon was the but thing cap satisfactory of restraining him. But before this, he pungency off the hand of his trainer, Tyr. Loki was imprisoned when he was accused right of causing the death of Odins favorite son, Baldur.The earthquakes also anger the great Midgard Serpent deep in the ocean. The serpent will come on land, and spew its terribly poisonous venom everywhere. Along with these creatures, all of the other enemies of the gods, much(prenominal) as the giants and the demons of Muspell (led by Surt), will come together and labialize the worlds of humans, and cross Bifrost to attack the gods. All of the gods will fight to defend their realm, and that of the humans. However, even with all of their distinctiveness, they will fail. Fenrir kills Odin. But Vidar, one of Odins numerous sons, avenges Odins death.Thor is poisoned by the Midgard Serpents venom after killing it. Surt kills Freyr, because Freyr doesnt have his sword. After killing Freyr, Surt catches the earth aflame, and burns it all up. Then what is left of the earth will sink beneath the sea. But that is not the end. Not of everything. Yiggdrasil still exists. In its branches, two humans, Lif and Lifthrasir (godchecker ink. ), were hold deared. Also Vidar, leading several ot her gods have survived. As well as these Baldr and Hod come back from the dead to service recreate earth, and rule the gods.The three most commonly worshiped gods were Frey(r), Odin, and Thor. In several instances statues of the three of them were found together, ordinarily with Thor in the center, and Frey and Odin at his sides. These three strained most of the take of the Viking population, which include the needs of farmers, sailors, warriors, poets, and noblemen. It isnt a surprise why these three were the main gods. As well as Frey, Thor, and Odin there were umpteen other gods. In Scandinavian mythology there are dozens of different gods, distributively playing a different role. Odin, for a while, was the head god.He is the god of war, revenge, wisdom, poetry, and magic. His belongings are Gungir, a spear that always hits its mark, and Draupnir, a magical gold ring that can duplicate itself. Dwarves made these items, as well as most of the gods enchanted tools. He also h ad five animal associate two ravens, Huginn (thought) and Munninn (memory), two wolves, Freki and Geri, as well as his eight-legged horse, Lokis son, Sleipnir. He was a bit acquaintance-hungry instead of the usual power-hungry. Once upon a time, Odin gave one of his eyes to the Well of Mimir for the right to drink from the well.The Well bestowed great knowledge to him. This Well of Mimir lies at the base of Yiggdrasil. Another time he was state to have hung himself on Yiggdrasil for the right to know all about the runes, so he could teach man, and his gods to be literate and even more powerful. Nobles, warriors, poets and magic-users (magicians, seers, mystics) commonly worshiped Odin. They all gave sacrifices to him. He was worshiped by the nobles because he himself was pretty much god royalty. Odin was also very interested in politics, and these worshippers hoped that he could help them in their deeming.The poets worshiped Odin, because he had drunk some of the poetry mead (alc oholic beverage). This made Odin very keen with his words. So they worshiped him to gain his knowledge of language. He was also a honourable muse, for those poets lacking inspiration. But if Odin were used as a muse, then of take to the woods Odin would be pleased, and help them with their skills. So worshipping Odin was helpful for many poets. Odin was very sound in the art of magic. So it was thought to be beneficial for any user of magic to ask for his favor. Odin however, wasnt the only god sexual in magical arts.Any other gods who knew much about magic could be called upon. Odin was not the only option. Warriors gave sacrifices to Odin before battles, praying for victory. To gain his favor one would usually give sacrifices of either animals or humans (Roberts). But sometimes this wasnt good enough. Odin usually got his warrior worshippers killed during battle. Many of these warriors were the dreaded berserkers, who either took a drug-like-substance or riled themselves up so that they fought like fierce animals. As you can see, he clearly had a very violent, brutal, and insane side.The beautiful Valkyries, Odins shield maidens, took these dead men away. The dead men were brought to Valhalla, Odins hall. There, the warriors fought battles with each other all day, then ate and caroused all night. Then they did it all over again. Any wounds suffered were miraculously healed at the end of each battle. Odin is officially married to Frigg, but, like many other pagan gods, has many affairs with many other women. He had many children with goddesses and giantesses of all sorts. His most well known children are Baldr, Thor, Heimdal, Ty, Hod, Vidar, and Valdi.The god who was worshiped the most overall was Thor. This was because he was so easy to relate to, since his talents were those that most people wanted documentation them. He was a fab warrior, but he was also the god of farming and storm (and therefore was the weather) god. So he was worshiped by all of the common people farmers and seamen. Because Thor became really public in the ninth and ordinal centuries, he was the chief rival of Christ, when the Christians were trying to convert all of the Vikings. This was one of the reasons it took so long to convert all of the Vikings.Thor also had some fussy items that helped him out in battle. His hammer, Mjolnir, iron fringe and gauntlet gloves. The hammer never missed its target, and always returns to Thor after it has been propel, like a boomerang. The iron belt gives Thor the strength needed to throw the heavy hammer and the gloves give him the strength in his wrists to catch the hammer when it returns to him. Thor was very prepared for physical combat. turncock amulets (representing Thor) were widely popular by dint ofout Scandinavia. Scads of them have been found in archeological digs. This proves how belove by the Vikings he was.Also, in later years of the Viking period, during Thors prime, he was at the center of monument s, bearing images of him, Odin, as well as Frey. One of the best things about Thor, at to the lowest degree in the minds of the Viking people, is that there were never human sacrifices given to him. At least there were never any records hinting at it. He was a attractive god, and protected his people in all of the myths about him. Sacrifices of animals and valuable objects (weapons, jewelry, oddly fancy tools) were given to him in times of danger from famine or plague. This proves the peoples trust in his kindheartedness. The third most popular god was Frey.He was the god of fertility. Actually the only know male god of fertility. Sacrifices were made to him at weddings to promote the fertility of the couple. Being a god of fertility also made him the ecology god, which made him god of meadows, farming, fisheries, and food in global. Since his father is Niord, the sea god, Frey has some power over the sea as well. Because of this position, he became the god of ship builders too. His magically especial(a) object is a ship. It can shrink and be folded up so that he can engage it around in his pocket. But still be large enough, when unfolded, to carry all of the gods.Frey is associated with ship funerals. Wealthier worshippers of Frey would be hide on land in ships filled with typical loot, which was a typecast of tcommon Viking burial. He was forced to give away his sword in the long arduous process of wooing his beautiful giantess wife, Gerd. So, worshippers of Frey dont carry swords to honor and respect him. As well as not tolerating swords, outlaws of any kind are not permitted in his presence. Frey had a twin infant Freya, who was the most widely celebrated of all the pagan goddesses. She is at the center of many myths. She was, like her brother, a goddess of fertility.She was also a goddess of magic known as Sied (Wolf, 151), love, and the leader of the Valkyries. She was married to Od (who might have been a version of Odin), but he left her for an other. She was sad, as she had truly loved him, but was strong enough to move on easily. She had rather light(a) morals, and slept around quite a bit. Using her sexual prowess she was able to get the necklace of sensuality from the four dwarves who had made it. As well as being the head of the Valkyries, she was the head of the Thedisir, a group of goddesses who are connect to a particular place, or type of object.This made her closely connected with guardian beliefs otherwise known as fylgjur. These spirits protect certain special places, such as places of natural beauty, and the homes of their worshippers. Bragi is the god who recites poetry. He is the god of all bards and storytellers. He loves to learn, and promotes others to do likewise. His wife, Idun grows the fruit of immortality golden apples. The drudging god, Weyland is a blacksmith. He is the God of experience, and a master craftsman. He was created because the people of Iceland wanted a god that wasnt warlike, and w ho was actually a multipurpose person. (Meadows) Weyland was that god.The god of justice and law was Tyr. He was a loyal man, and fought for his leader, usually Odin. He looses a hand to Fenrir because he trusts him. This shows his ability to blindly trust, and think the best of people. That was his best trait. Though when he did learn something foul about someone, theyd better beware because one-handed or not, he is a venturesome warrior. Heimdall was the guardian of the rainbow bridge, Bifrost. He had a special horn to sound, warning the other gods, when he saw Surts great army approaching, announcing that the great battle of Ragnarok was to commence. He is the son of Odin and the nine wave sisters.Odins official wife, Frigg was the capture of all, protector of children, and associated with child bearing and the home. She has a sacred Distaff of life that she uses to spin for the Fabric of the Universe. She has the power to see into the future, and is the best of all the gods i n this area. Loki is the trickster god. He was both a friend and an oppositeness to the gods. He is always stirring up trouble. He is the parent of many of the great monsters. As an outcome of his affair with Angrbodi (a beautiful giantess) he fathered the death goddess, Hel, the monsterous wolf, Fenrir, and the midgard serpent.His only legitimate offspring was Narfi, his son. Narfi doesnt play a very large role. When he transformed into a mare, as part of a plan to save Freya, he begot Odins mount, Sleipnir One time Loki got into too much trouble. When he tricked the blind Hod into killing his beautiful brother Baldyr (sons of Odin), it was firm that he had gone too far. Because of his numerous crimes, he was tied up with Narfis guts, and imprisoned in a cave with only his wife to ease his suffering, until Ragnarok, when he rides with Surt to destroy the gods. As the Daughter of Loki, Hel had a hoi polloi to live up to.In anticipation of her evil tendencies, Odin sent her to Nif lheim, and made her the goddess of the underworld, and the dead. She doesnt like it down there very much, and resents Odin for this. To get back at him she also joins her father and Surt for Ragnarok. Surt was The Destroyer. He is the leader of the fire demons, and is a key player in the final battle of Ragnarok. He miraculously survives Ragnarok, so that he can do it all over conterminous time round. No one was said to worship him. He was the appressed thing to Christianitys Lucifer. The Vikings had to have places to worship, or not worship in some cases like Surt.Most of the Vikings worshiped outside. In holy groves and meadows that had rocks, small agglomerates, and swamps where they placed their offerings. These places were sometimes specific for gods, but most of the time the places were just general places of worship. As well as these outdoor places of worship there were also in-town places such as holy rocks, wells and other objects. In different places, at certain times w orshippers had festivals to celebrate the gods. One such festival was held every nine years. Nine men, as well as nine each of different sorts of animals (all male) were sacrificed.Their blood was presented to an idol, and their bodies were strung up in a close sacred grove. Sacrifices that were given to the gods were mostly animals such as dogs, horses, and farm animals. They were thrown into rivers, tossed off cliffs, and hung on trees in sacred groves for their blood to drain out into the holy ground. Human sacrifices were made sometimes. It was not an every-day occasion. Only for special occasion such as a festival, when a gods help was especially needed, or when there was another classical event, such as the death of an important man.There were often temples for the gods in Viking villages. The local chieftain or leader maintained each temple. The heads of the other main households always assisted them. A classic example of a Viking funeral is this the body is cleaned, dresse d with ordinary c make dohing, and buried in the ground with items the person might need in the afterlife. Such as food, drink, weapons, tools, and other such things. There would often be dead animals such as horses, dogs, chickens, and sometimes their wife/servant/slave. often times the dead would be set in an underground path in a bed with all of their belongings around them.Some Vikings believed that the spirit lived on as a ghost. Either in the underground tomb their body was left in, in a special haunted hill with the rest of the family, or close to their family as a protector. The alternate funeral would be to burn the body. This was especially common for Odins worshippers, and people in general who died in battle, so that they would be sent straight up to Valhalla, and to that fabulous hall of fallen warriors. The Vikings werent all that different from any other polytheistic religion of the time. Most of their gods represented desirable human qualities just like the Greek /Roman gods.They had a creation story, and a remainder story (apocalypse). They bury and burn their dead just like we do today. The Vikings also believed in a sort of heaven, and in ghosts. Their religion isnt all that different from any other. They arent barbaric pagans they werent the only culture to sacrifice humans and animals to their gods. They Viking religion is similar to other religions, but at the same time it has its own mythology and myths that are very unique. The Norse religion is just a religion, with its special characteristics that have transferred from the Viking way of life over into their religion.They needed strong, warlike gods because during the age of Vikings there was a lot of fighting going on. The Vikings made their gods able to defend them form the other evils in the world ones that the Vikings couldnt take care of without help. give care any other people would have if they lived in the same conditions. The Christian God of the day would smite badly be haved people, and sent them to hell. The Crusades, that the whole of Christian Europe was involved in, was all about fighting. Norse mythology and religion had their Gods constantly fighting he giants and monsters it was a way the Vikings expressed their part in all of the violence.Bibliography Godchecker Ink. Viking Gods of Norse fabricationology. www. godchecker. com, January 31, 2010 < http//www. godchecker. com/pantheon/norse-mythology. php >. This resource was mostly helpful. It was a good speech point. Its facts were all very straightforward, and it had education about almost all of the places and people mentioned in Norse mythology. The one problem with the site is that it was written in a very modern style. With innuendoes, and annoying, uneducated slang and inferior language. I used it only to reference my other sources.Jovinelly, Joan, and Netelkos, Jason. The crafts and culture of the Vikings. New York, Ny The Rosen publication Group, Inc, 2002. Most of this deem was craft projects for children. But in the page or two of knowledge about Viking religion, I was told about the most important aspects of Viking religion. Which was very important for the organization of my paper. It also had all of the things that I knew that had to be in my paper. I dont want to be less informative than a childrens book.Meadows, Edmund. The Pre Ragnarok Viking Gods. www. viking-z. org, January 31, 2010 < http//www. viking-z. org/vikg. html >. This source was a bit overwhelming. It had a lot of information that I used, but a lot of things mixed in that either was a bit too deep, or that were about actually practicing the Viking religion. So I was forced to look through it all, and pick out the things that were relevant to my paper. But on the bright side, the information I found was very good, and it helped me a great deal with my research.Roberts, Judson. Myth and Religion. www. strongbowsaga. com, date accessed lthttp//www. strongbowsaga. com/introduction . asp>. This esenunciate I found on the strongbow saga website was very useful. It had important information on all of the topics I planned to cover in the course of my paper. There was a detailed account on all of the main gods and supernatural beings. As well as information on the worship practices of the Vikings. There was also, included in the manuscript, the best translation I could find on the creation of the earth story. With a congruous telling of the end of the world.Simpson, Jacqueline. Everyday Life In The Viking Age. London, England Jarrold and Sons Ltd, 1967. This resource was very similar to Daily Life of the Vikings. It had a lot of the same information. The main difference was that it was older and contained pictures relating to the gods, or rites described in the passage. But it, as was the former, was very useful, and had a lot of information. Including a shocking account of a Viking funeral. That was one of the best things about these two books. They had passa ges from the journals of people who had witnessed Viking religious rites. It was good to get first hand accounts.Wolf, Kirsten. Daily Life of The Vikings. Westport, CT Greenwood Press, 2004. This book was exceedingly helpful. It gave me a lot of invaluable information on subjects the other sources hardly touched on. Such as the sources for all of the knowledge we have of Viking religion today. It also tells about each of the important gods, and Viking practices involving worship, funerals, and the dead. It turns out that the Vikings were very superstitious of their dead people. It was very entertaining to read about.Unknown. Meet the Gods and Goddesses of the Norse Pantheon. www. wizardrealm. com, Janurary 31, 2010 < http//www. wizardrealm. com/norse/gods. html >. This went into a lot of detail about each and every one of the known Norse gods. It was very useful in the portion of my report where I was talking about all of the important Viking gods. But sadly, it wasnt very speci al, and didnt tell me anything that I couldnt have gotten from another of my resources. The best thing I can say about it is that is condensed the information about each god nicely. But there always has to be one (or two) of those.

Health Literacy and its Impact on Patients Essay

Health literacy is the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and interpret basic wellness information and services destinyed to make get wellness decisions. Low wellness literacy has a negative encroachment on a long-sufferings wellness status and use of the wellness boot system. Patients with small(a) health literacy levels can non make decisions regarding their health c ar or follow book of instructions on medications and health maintenance behaviors. This can affect health attention in a variety of ways.It is the health c ar volunteerrs responsibility to get wind that patients with low health literacy levels are identified and measures are taken to cover those patients understand their options and instructions. To educate these patients, health care providers need to develop resources that are easily understood and audience skills that can ensure patient comprehension. Research has shown that patients with a low health literacy level ma y be much likely to have problems following verbal or written health check advice and medication instructions or understanding health-related materials.This look backward discusses the commonness of health literacy and its impact on patients and the health care system, and provides recommendations for creating ancillary literature at the appropriate level. The use of these tools and improved physician interview skills will establish a unwrap physician/patient descent and continue to shape up patient participation in the health care process. By providing the patients with the basic knowledge to understand and adhere to the instructions prone to them and the confidence to communicate any questions or concerns, the hospital is promoting a better patient/physician relationship. there was a field of view conducted in 2003 by the National Assessment on Adult Literacy that was released in 2006 that included a Health Literacy component that evaluated patients health literacy in t rio main categories clinical, preventative, and navigation of the health care system. These three categories were designed to contemplate things that patients would see or be pick uped to do in their daily lives. There were examples such as following medication instructions, scheduling health screening tests and finding ones way to the appropriate location for a medical appointment within a health care facility.The results of this study indicated that 36-38 of adults in the United States had a basic or beneath health literacy level or were not literate in English and could not participate in the assessment. Another 55% of U. S. adults reported having a mid-range level of health literacy which showed room for improvement. Patients who have low health literacy levels often are not able to comprehend and follow the instructions on a medication bottle or determine the dosage information on over-the-counter medications.The inability to understand the information requested on a health care form can prevent an individual from having fitted health care coverage or having access to care when it is required. If a patient does not have the ability to identify when treatment is needed for a medical condition, make the appointment and navigate through the health care system to be treated, their health can suffer. By not seeking medical attention at the beginning of an illness or not accessing the appropriate point of entry in a health care clinic, the patient is reducing the chance of having a positive health outcome.People with lower health literacy may wait to seek medical attention rather than utilizing preventative health services. These patients often have high rates of admission and use services that are designed for more critical patient care. When faced with a disease or health care condition, patients are often turning to a variety of places for health information such as the internet, magazines, or books. Adults with basic or below basic health literacy le vels did not turn to such resources.Physicians are with a patient such a short amount of time at each visit, yet they have so much they need to provide to the patient. At a visit to the physician several new concepts are being introduced to the adult such as discontinuing a the use of a current prescription, modification of the prescribed dose, or introducing a new medicine. It is of dandy importance to verify that the patient understands what is being said to them. Asking the patient to demonstrate what they just heard is more effective in gauging whether a patient understands the information.There can be additional time neglect with patients, or supplemental materials can be provided to patients who have difficulty affect this critical information. Other factors that can have a negative impact on a persons comprehension of health-related materials include special(a) English language skills, chronic health conditions, hearing problems, or lot problems. In order for patients to be able to most effectively use these health education materials, they should be written at lower variant levels using simple words and pictures to emphasize points.Low health literacy is a problem that continues grow in patients in the health care system, change to a lack of use of services, often leading to negative health outcomes. Hospitals should focus attention on their forms and the health education materials they are distributing to the patients to ensure that there materials are appropriate for all levels of health literacy. Having forms that are more easily understood may increase a patients ability to access and utilize appropriate hospital services.Also by giving patients more appropriate health education materials will encourage them to become more actively involved in their care by providing them with the confidence to make decisions about their treatment. As the individual relationship is construct between patient and care team, the trust will follow to ask questi ons about information that is not clear and seek assistance when it is branch needed instead of when it is a critical situation. DeMarco, Joanna. ( 2011, Spring). The Importance of Patient precept Throughout the Cotinuum of Health Care. 295-301. Journal of Consumer Health. Retrieved April 4, 2012 from EBSCOhost.

Cosi Lewis Nowra Essay

Lewis Nowras semi autobiographical run across Cosi is a touching yet biting portrayal of human relationships in a Melbourne mental institute, where the coarseanimouss are astracised by hostelry. Throughout the gip Lewis Nowra illustrates for each one and all(prenominal) character that suffers with a mental illness as ruler community with a desire to do or think things contrary to others from the society of the 1970s. Throughout the receive Nowra poses a question, can anybody be classified ad as insane?When there is insanity all about us. The undertake they are to perform Cosi strike out Tutte is a play about bask and fidelity which becomes a topic of disagreement of the cast. Act 1 fit 3 addresses cheat and fidelity & Confusion with reality & illusion With Nowras intelligent use of dramatic techniques such(prenominal) as Characterization, Dialogue & symbolismization to present his central musical themes within Cosi. Cosi is a dramatic play indite by Lewis Nowra , which is set in the early 1970s in the middle of the Vietnam War.The inmates in the asylum are to performance of Mozarts op age Cosi fan Tutte as a therapeutic technique to the patients and is directed by an unfixed university graduate Lewis, who brings the patients together and becomes as involved into the play as every other member of the cast and gets labelled as one of them by society outside the asylum. In act 1 scene 3 moments after the toilets in the theatre have been a result of Dougs pyromaniac problem.The cast re assemble and continue on with the play, during the play commiseration is confused between reality & illusion and the number of steps she require to take in each scene I was wondering where you treasured me to walk and how many steps? Nowra canvases compassions confusion between reality and illusion through with(predicate) to the audience with the use of characterization, amplifying Ruths obsessive disorder through to us the audience in a way where we get a sense of understanding on the obsessive-ness in Ruths character and her disorder. The theme of love and fidelity demonstrates man-to-mans ideas passim the play Cosi.Notably we see Nowra canvas the idea of love & fidelity through dramatic techniques within each characters chat & characterization such as Lewis, Lucy, Julie, Nick & Roy. Lewiss changing stead towards love throughout the play becomes a pivotal turning question for Lewis & Lucys relationship. As time goes on we definitely see Lewis go more compassionate and warm and Lucy showing her true colours towards their relationship. Lucy without a doubt becomes somewhat shallow and expresses that she sees love as out date and unimportant in modern day society.Julie questions Lewis on his relationship with Lucy You 2 are into free love? Does she play around? You trust her? , Julie thinks against love & fidelity and thinks men are useless referring to her knowledge learnt from studying Mozarts Cosi fan Tutte. Lewiss though ts of love and fidelity are antithetical of his actions with Julie after in the play, to have love we must trust. Throughout Act 1 scene 3 in Cosi Lewis Nowra canvases symbols within many factors. A magnanimous factor produced as a symbol through the whole play is the burnt out theatre which they rehearse in.This theatre is a symbol of them escaping the reality in which the patients & Lewis are as equal to each other. bon ton outside the asylum portrays Lewis as insane for working with mad pack. The burnt texture of the theatre is also a symbol for the patients reality as organism excluded from reality as cosmos excluded from reality outside the asylum Cosi allows you a chance to do something undefeated at least once in your dismal life Roy ironically says to Henry whose life if not much unlike to his own, but society still labels them as insane.The coffee mugs in which Ruth and Julie are to use as props in the play is a exemplary technique Nowra applied, I can live with illusi on as long as I know its illusion, but this coffee is not real, is it? Ruths confusion and reality is illustrated within the coffee as being coffee cups with no coffee is also a metaphor for the patients in the mental asylum, An illusion of reality.Lewis Nowra not only wrote a play containing aspects such as love & fidelity & illusion vs. eality but through the use of dramatic techniques like characterization, dialogue & symbolism throughout characters such as Lewis, Julie, Roy, Lucy & Nick in act 1 scene 3 and the rest of the play, but to give the audience a broader understanding on the plays meaning, but we also question although the play was set in the 70s, this era was experimental with free love the reality is without fidelity, love is anything but a meaning. We still hold old fashioned values about love.The aspect the audience gain from another message from Nowras ideas expressed throughout the text & dramatic techniques is the frequently noticeable question, are the people i n the asylum really mad? When there is insanity all around us. Society labels these people as insane when they are no different to each and every one of us, only with different desires to some. The only people who should be classified insane are those who classify insaneness in another.

Impact of rechargeable cars on the Environment Essay

In this essay, I entrust discuss some the reversible batteries used in the reversible automobile and the impacts of these batteries to the defilement of the urban surroundings. Scientists argon moving fast to give new inventions to the world and rechargeable automobile batteries are the latest topic of the automobile world. Due to riotous gasoline intake, the scientists are working on electric cars and on the rechargeable batteries. The gasoline consumption creates pollution and it is proved by researches that the consumption should be decreased to give up the environment.Now the question is that is the rechargeable battery save the environment from the pollution? The answer of the question is discussed below The impact of the rechargeable batteries depends on the reservoir of electricity. Most of the people think that the rechargeable or the hybrid cars (in other words electric cars) are environment well-disposed because they think that it is using refined and environment friendly energy however research professors show another side of the rechargeable batteries. According to them, the pollution depends upon the source of electricity.They say that most of the countries generate their electricity from fossil fuels, oil color and gasoline. If a country or state is generating their electricity from the fossil fuels or gasoline, then the impact of the batteries will be worst because every prison term when they will need to recharge the battery, they need electricity and in that sense, the consumption of the electricity will increase and the environment will be begrime (Laura Williams). The Ohio university research shows that the hybrid cars and the use of the rechargeable batteries affect the environment.The reason is that the framework which is used in the batteries is more harmful than the conventional batteries. The batteries are to be recharged after 350 miles and after every 350 miles, the electricity is needed for recharging. So the source of the electricity concerns a lot (Ohio University). Ozone layer is a very of the essence(p) topic of environment. The batteries modify ozone layer which creates bundle of problems and harms. The radioactive rays actually damage the ozone layer which is really harmful and creates many diseases.So every time when a battery is recharged, it will exhaust the rays which are really harmful. Moreover, recycle of the battery should be proper and if it is not proper, then the environment will have to suffer (Baig, Naqvi, Qureshi). It is true that temporarily rechargeable batteries are imposems to be more beneficial than the other sources but the study shows that we are stipendiary a lot in the sense of environment pollution. The impacts of the rechargeable batteries on the environment are everlasting and longterm (Conger, 2010).By the above discussion, it can be concluded that rechargeable batteries are facilitating the world but we cant deny from this fact that they are harmful for the e nvironment. In hybrid cars, rechargeable batteries are used so, consumption of diesel or fuel is less(prenominal) and the smoke arising from diesel or fuel does not exhaust the environment but it does not mean that it is not exhausting anything. So if we see its effects on temporary basis, then we will come to the refinement that it is environment friendly but on the ground levels that its effects are worst (Clean up Australia).

The Glass Menagerie: What Sort Of Atmosphere Is Created and How Is It Achieved In The Opening Three Scenes

There be many positionors which trick contribute to the pervading atmosphere of any turn tail. But in this hearten there are peculiar, original ways in which Williamss goes approximately this. The Glass Menagerie would seem interchangeable a harder play to realize a dense atmosphere for because of the small amount of characters and the only mavin setting. A major difference in this play is evident this instant from the beginning. This is the narration that the audience is given by one of the main characters, tomcat.It is remote because once his narration is given, Tom jumps directly into the dialogue. This resembles very much a film, because with camera and voice over techniques the narration is made a stage set easier. We also know that Williams started by writing blindplays and so this use of Tom would have come from his Hollywood experiences. The mood created by Tom is forked and it depends on the reader. The social history which is described by Tom, the huge matri culating in a school for the blind is in the negative while the pictural description of the play is written in a very grief but interesting tone, it is sentimental Williams gives very strict stage directions and this can only contribute to the atmosphere, even without lines being read.Atmospheric touches and subtleties of direction play a large part the opening description of the set and how it should be set out is one of the largest factors of atmosphere. Williams uses words and phrases such as dark, black-market rear wall and murky canyons of tangled inister lattice work With directions like this, the modern manager is obviously going to create a closely gothic picture of scary darkness, and it is because of these directions that atmosphere is formulated so easily. The fact that this is a reposition play automatically gives atmosphere to the audience. Even Williams himself tells us that this play can be presented with unusual freedom from convention is allowing the dir ector to cut the strings a little and maybe take the play into areas which might have a greater effect on the audience.A good example of this is found in the directions also, memory is seated predominately inside the heart. The immotive and exaggerated nature of the play will no doubt convert to the atmosphere. The use of the screen is also a large part of the atmosphere. It is a very unusual device and it is obvious that because of his film experience Williams has include the screen. So he is capable in some ways of being able to manipulate the play in similar ways to a film.For example, a film can suddenly cut to a alone different place, with different characters. The screen allows extra freedom with emotions. It also wish very well the memory aspect of the play in which actions or scenery can be unnatural. It can be said that the screen has a symbiotic relationship with the memory, we know as humans that memory is not straightforward and direct, and that the mind can paint wo nderful pictures. It is this gumption of mind, which the screen adds to the atmosphere.

The Enlightment and the Role of Women in Society

The prudence and the Role of Women in Society The Age of groundsableness was a erect cultural movement of educated individuals around the 17th and 18th centuries. The use of the Enlightenment was to challenges ideas that were rooted in faith and tradition, mold nine victimization reason, and advance knowledge through a current scientific method. contrary societies rose during this time period and discussed a wide range of topics. whiz widely discussed topic was the section of women in society. Societies mainly debated over the role of women in the public sphere.Two documents, specifically, had a great impact on the Enlightenment era. The first of the two, being ask of Women of the Third Estate to the queen regnant, was written by a group of working women who addressed the King simply asking for a better culture and to be enlightened in parliamentary procedure to be better wives and mothers. The next document, from Condorcet, radically insisted that women should gain p olicy-making rights similar men. Although these two documents both had impact during the Enlightenment, they varied in principles and amount of authorisation during the period of the cut Revolution.The French Revolution culminated things such as the snapper class and the grievances of women. On January 1, 1789, the King was shown the Petition of Women of the Third Estate to the King. These rights demanded by the women included the right to a decent cultivation, and the right to earn a respectable living, avoiding the road to prostitution. These demands were far from radical and the petition made it specifically clear that they were non asking for equality with men. The women explained, We ask to be enlightened, to demand work, not in order to usurp mens authority, entirely in order to be better esteemed by them. The Petition of Women depicted a society that accepted social roles, find outs the importance of education and had steadfast faith in their king. This group has acc epted the French societys pre-chosen position for women. Women in the Petition identifym perfectly awake(predicate) of Frances specific role for them. They speak preferably frankly nearly their role in French society, almost to a point where it feels as if they atomic number 18 happy to be in their current position. They grapple they are continual objects of the admiration and scorn of men and they do not act to change the status quo.Instead, these women seem willing to comply with societys expectations, as long as there is a form of loot directed toward them. Indeed, they explicitly state, To prevent social ills, Sire, we ask that men not be allowed, under any pretext, to exercise trades that are the prerogative of women whether as seamstress, embroiderer, millinery shopkeeper, etc. etc. if we are left at to the lowest degree the with the needle and spindle, we promise never to handle the compass or the square. They understand that society is treating them unequally and they believe that accepting societys norms and receiving a form of gratification is better than fighting over something out of go past and receive nothing. The womens argument ended up to be quite successful through their respectful tone to the King and the modest requests. They carefully insisted that they did not want to become equal with men and simply precious education and enlightenment. They also use a large amount of approbation in order to lighten the Kings mood.The women express themselves to the King by saying things like the love we have for your majesty and how we see in you only a tender father, for whom we would give our lives a k times. With these small requests and the womens adulation toward the King, the overall argument seems like it would be fairly strong during the period of the French Revolution. In the document On the Admission of Women to the Rights of Citizenship, Condorcet argued for the political rights of women, something no revolutionist had ever da red to do before.He adjudge that woman were equal in humanity through reason and justice. Condorcet spurned the idea that womens physical differences were a good enough reason to reject them of their civil and political rights. Although he did in fact recognize womens limitations, not in gender, but in the lack of education and different circumstances. Many that are opposed of these statements also argue that give women political rights would disrupt the social order, assuming that women would abandon their domestic affairs.He reassures those by saying, It is natural for a woman to nurse her children, to care for them in their babyhood attached to her home by these cares, weaker than a man, it is also natural that she trey a more retiring, more domestic life. Women would therefore be in the same class with men who are obliged by their get off or profession to work several hours a day. Although the effectiveness of Condorcets document seems sound in todays society, back during French Revolution period, this would be considered fairly weak.These types of statements were highly due to the beliefs that women possessed accepted characteristics that perfectly matched them to their domestic duties. Women were deemed unqualified for a voice in the political realm because of their much great proneness to feelings, flawed rationality, and weaker sense of justice. Although this fly the coop ended unsuccessful, women did benefit from many of the changes that happened in matters of marriage, divorce, and inheritance.Women in the Enlightenment were passing limited due to societys preconceived notions. Documents like On the Admission of Women to the Rights of Citizenship and Petition of Women of the Third Estate to the King gave society new ideas and philosophies that have never been revealed before. Although much of the documents intentions failed, they opened the look of society and society took its first step into gaining the ability to reason close sexual diff erences and one day grant women the full rights of citizenship.

Parents Influenced on Their Children

bowd of pargonnts to their kidskinren P bental Influences on disposition A Comparison of Trait and Phenomenological Theories Stu Dent SS 123-45-6789 Psych 210 Theories of Personality Dr. Cerv champion Fall, 2001 P atomic number 18ntal Influences on Personality A Comparison of Trait and Phenomenological Theories A betingly obvious point about human nature is that our constitution is influenced by our parents. Intuitively, it seems as if the trend our parents raise us exerts an enduring influence on the nature of our nature.By article of belief certain display cases of behavior and by punishing actions of which they disapprove, parents whitethorn significantly influence the behavioral and emotional dahs of their tiddlerren. This intuition, however, contrasts with a second one. Common knowledge tells us that siblings often differ greatly from one an an new(prenominal)(prenominal). One brother may be outgoing, the other shy. One sister may be conservative, the other liberal . Since siblings undercoat the same parents, and parents tend to treat their children similarly, much(prenominal) examples seem to advise that parents means of child procreation capacity make fiddling discrimination to the spirit of their children.The question of agnatic influences on soulality, then, is an interesting puzzle for scientific surmisal and explore in personality psychology. Theories of personality look at taken opposite viewpoints on the question of parental influences on personality. This paper addresses ii theories that present contrasting views. These are the indication and phenomenological theories of personality. In the singularity theories, the basal variables of the opening are concourses traits, that is, their broad predispositions . . . to respond in particular demeanors (Pervin & John, 2001, p. 26). Most trait theories try to point a common set of traits that can be used to describe the personality of any individual. These nomothetic trait theories rely on the statistical surgical procedure of factor analysis to identify dimensions that can be used restate individual differences in personality traits. Researchers using this technique commonly identify a set of five trait dimensions. These Big Five personality traits include extroversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to roll in the hay (Pervin & John, 2001).Once one identifies a set of primary traits in this manner, a primary question is to identify where the traits come from. wherefore do some muckle brook more than or less(prenominal) of a given trait than others? Almost all trait theorists have sought biological explanations for variations in traits. People are seen to inherit a given level of a trait in the same way that they might inherit hair color or height. This viewpoint is coherent with findings on genetics and personality, which indicate that identical twins personalities are far-off more similar than would be e xpected by chance (Pervin & John, 2001).The trait theories, then, have an interesting implication for the question of parental influences on personality. If personality is defined in terms of personality traits, and if traits are thought to be inherited, then parental styles of child rearing would appear to have little influence on childrens personality. The only influence parents would have on their childrens personality is a biological one. They pass their genes on to their children. harmonize to the trait theories, parents interpersonal interactions with their children would exert little effect on the childs personality arrivement.A very different view is put forth by proponents of phenomenological theories of personality. The primary focus of the phenomenological theories is the individuals subjective experience of their world, that is, their phenomenological experience (Pervin & John, 2001). In particular, peoples subjective experience of themselves, or their self-concept, is seen as the core of individuals personalities. Among the most prominent of the phenomenological theories of personality is the self theory of Carl Rogers (Pervin & John, 2001).Rogers contended that peoples psychological experiences are not gibed by objective events in the world, but by their subjective interpretations of these events. These interpretations, in turn, are heavily influenced by a persons self concept. Specifically, people may experience psychological distress when they cannot integrate their fooling experiences with their sense experience of who they really are, as might be manifested by a persons saying that I just havent been acting like myself lately. Alternatively, a person might feel guilty or depressed if their ctions do not meet their ideal self, that is, the persons subjective sense of what they ideally should be like in such circumstances, a person might report that Im baffle with myself. Peoples self-views, then, are a primary determinant of their boi lersuit experiences. With postulate to the question of parental influences, Rogers phenomenological theory has a very different implication than that deriving from trait theory. According to Rogers, self concept, like other aspects of phenomenological experience, is not inherited but instead develops gradually as people interact with the world and the other people around them.Rogers suggests that people develop a overconfident self-concept if they experience unconditional commanding regard, that is, if people consistently respect and accept them for who they really are. People who experience unconditional positive regard, then, should have a positive view of self that enables them to approach daily activities in an open-minded, psychologically flexible and creative manner. In contrast, less positive personality instruction occurs if people experience conditions of worth, that is, if other people establish criteria, or conditions, for what is valued behavior.Such individuals may experience a more damaging view of self that leads them to approach life activities in a more cautious, tentative, self-critical, and unconfident style. Since parents are generally the major source of influence in the earlyish years of child development, the extent to which parents display unconditional positive regard to their children, as opposed to imposing conditions of worth, should influence long-term personality development. A primary question, then, is how one might be able to test these theories one against the other.Since personality theorists are attempting to development conceptions of human nature that can be evaluated by objective empirical evidence, it should be possible to marshal scientific evidence that bears on the relative merits of the dickens theories. For the question of parental influences on personality, one key source of evidence would be longitudinal studies, that is, studies that get a line the same individuals across a long period of time. Ideally, s uch pee-pee would measure aspects of child rearing early in life and determine whether they predict personality characteristics as measured ulterior in life.Such a study has been conducted by Harrington, Block, & Block (1987). They studied a large assembly of people at ii points in time early puerility and adolescence. During early childhood, the researchers obtained measures of the stagecoach to which each childs parents exhibited a Rogerian style of child rearing, that is, a style in which few conditions of worth were enforce on children and, instead, children were accepted for who they are and were allowed to explore the world freely. There were deuce such measures.One was a self-report of parents child-rearing styles, and the other was an observational measure in which researchers sight parents interacting with their children and coded whether the parents acted in a prototypic Rogerian manner. They two measures were combined into an overall powerfulness of Rogerian child rearing. In adolescence, the researchers obtained a measure of creativity. Teachers were asked to rate the degree to which the research participants, who were their students, approached tasks in an open-minded, creative manner.Since the researchers had measures on the same individuals at two points in time, they were able to determine the degree to which the childhood measure of parenting style predicted the young measure of creativity. The finding strongly supported Rogers theory of personality development (Harrington et al. , 1987). Just as Rogers would have predicted, children whose parents treated them in a Rogerian style turned out to be adolescents who were judged as being more creative. pincer rearing style was a statistically significant predictor of creativity.Importantly, this was unfeigned even when the researchers controlled for a measure of intelligence that alike was obtained during childhood. It is not still the case that intelligent children were treated in a Ro gerian style and also were creative. Instead, even controlling for intelligence, parental child rearing predicted creativity. In evaluating the two theories, the results clearly support Rogers phenomenological perspective, as noted above. Childrens experiences of alternative parenting styles seem to have influenced a significant aspect of their personality and to have do to in exactly the manner Rogers would have anticipated.In contrast, the results conflict with the trait theory position that personality characteristics are largely inherited and that aspects of the environment that are shared by multiple siblings, such as parental child rearing style, exert little influence on personality characteristics later in life. Since the work of Harrington et al. (1987) was conducted a number of years ago, one might ask how trait theorists, in light of these results, could maintain their view that parental styles of child rearing exert little influence on personality. The results would see m to provide objective evidence against their theories.One possibility is that trait theories are focalization only on specific, narrow aspects of human personality, and that parental child rearing styles exert an influence on other aspects of personality that trait theorists have overlooked. Recall that, as described above, the core variables of trait theory are peoples average tendencies to exhibit general styles of emotion or behavior. It is noteworthy that none of these personality trait variables addresses peoples self-concept. Although trait theorists surely do recognize that people have self-concepts, they seem to have eliminated the notion of self-concept from the core of personality.Self-concept is not a personality structure in their view. This seems hard to defend, since peoples views of themselves are such a important trait of psychological experience. By focusing on overt styles of behavior, alternatively than the inner psychological life of the individual, includin g his or her views of self, trait theories may be missing an important aspect of human nature. The development of a perpetual conception of oneself and ones personal qualities is a critical feature of personality, and it may be one that is shaped to a large degree by interactions between children and their parents. References Harrington, D. , Block, J. H. & Block. J. (1987). Testing aspects of Carl Rogers theory of creative environments Child-rearing antecedents of creative potential drop in young adolescents. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 851-856. Pervin, L. A. , & John, O. P. (2001). Personality supposition and research (8th ed. ). New York John Wiley & Sons. Notes (Your paper would not have these notes these notes provided are intended for members of the class. They correspond to the circled numbers in the margins of the text. ) 1. This was a sublime instance in which I wanted to quote straightway from other source, in order to get the precisely correct definition on the term.To indicate that the material is taken directly from the text adjudge, I put the line of achievement in quotation marks and included the page number in the book that contains the original material (p. 226). Note that you have to take these two steps even if you take only a few wrangle from the other source. Even though it was only 7 words, Pervin and John wrote those words, not me, so they have to be in quotes. Otherwise, the material would be plagiarized. each material that comes from another source and that appears in your paper has to be in quotation marks, and you must include the page number on the book or journal that contains the original material.In general, you should have very few passages of directly quoted material. The words in your paper should be yours, not somebody elses. 2. This carve up is a useful one for this paper assignment. Perhaps the most heavy part of the assignment is to figure out how specific, concrete research findings tie t o the general, abstract ideas of the personality theories. You should make clear to the reader how the study that you reappraisal relates to the two theories. 3. When writing the paper, you should provide some information about the type of study your are reviewing, as in this paragraph, and then should review the results.

Of Mice And Men: Book vs Movie

As we all know, theres mavin affaire about obliges that appeal to every avid reader in the world the visualization and imagination. This is something that pictorial matters cigaret either enrich or abolish. For the book entitled Of Mice And Men, the movie acted as a detriment to the book. The differences amongst the movie and the book are insurmountable. To start thing off, the first thing that was dissimilar was when George and Lennie are shown sneaking into a train at wickedness to escape from Weed. However, if one recalls on the book accurately, they will remember that no such seen in the book was described.Another flawless example is when a worker named Mike approached Slim and asked him whether or not he could switch jobs with someone else as he could not keep up with Lennie. Again, this was not mentioned in the book what-so-ever. The next part was an important part, but was cut from the movie for unknown reasons. The part is when Lennie is in the river and begins to hal lucinate about his aunt Clara and the gargantuan rabbit. In addition to that, and also near the terminal of the book, when George shoots Lennie with the Luger pistol. In the film, the gun he was holding was a Colt Revolver, and was again changed for unspecified reasons.This brings me to how the ending of the book was changed in the book, George remains on the ranch, whilst in the film, George is seen riding entirely in yet another boxcar to his next destination in both the introduction and ending. This is indicative of George fleeing after killing Lennie and reminisces on past events during the ride. In spite of all this alterations or modifications, there are still an immeasurable amount to be spoken of. Thus, vividly showing us that movies can indeed sometimes take away from the free-thinking, imagination that books exclusively hold.

Climate Change Lab Report

I. Introductiona. In this lab, the question being investigated is, Has climate exchanged all over epoch? b. The hypothesis is, If carbon dioxide levels touch climate, then the climate has changed over clock because of the change magnitude greenhouse effect caused by higher levels of CO2 emissions. c. variable quantitys1. Independent Variable Amount of CO2 2. Dependent Variable climate changeII. Background Information temper is the persist pattern in an area over yearn period of condemnation. Climate is more focused on the long term rather than sidereal day to day or week to week changes. Due to uneven estrus of the Earths surface, climate changes depending on where the location is on the planet. Factors such(prenominal) as incoming solar energy, Earths rotation, and air and pissing movements all affect an areas climate. Different levels of these factors influence the biomes on the planet.The current climate change is the warming of Earths atmosphere. Climate change ha s croaked naturally all throughout history, but never to the distributor point that it is now. Average global temperature and CO2 levels are rising due to humans activity on the planet such as increased agriculture, fosterage livestock, and burning fossil fuels. Now it is known that climate change is adventure for a many reasons. Scientists studying ice cores, seafloor sediment, and tree rings are all seeing how the climate change is affecting the planet.Even if ready challenge is taken, there would still be lasting implications on the entire planet. Things such as rising sea levels, health implications, and severe droughts could all go on because of an increase atmosphere temperature. While some areas would be subjected to scorching temperatures, some some other would be plunged underwater. Warmer climate would allow for a longer elevation season for microbes and parasites. Action to stop climate changeneeds to happen as soon as possible before it could get worse.III. e ntropy AnalysisAfter looking at the data, it is clear that the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere at one time affect the temperature of Earths climate. As the graphs show, the higher the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere, the higher the second-rate global air temperature is.Graph 1 shows how the rise in carbon dioxide has caused the average global air temperature to rise. For example, in 1965 the CO2 recess per million (ppm) was roughly at 318ppm, and later in 2005 the CO2 levels were at about 374ppm. This clearly shows how the CO2 ppm levels absorb risen over time due to various human activity on the planet.In Graph 2, the average global temperature over time is shown. This graph shows how the average global temperature anomalousness has risen dramatically over the course of about 120 years. In 1900 the average global temperature anomaly was -0.1, while in 2000 is was near at 0.6.In Graph 3, the relationship between temperature and carbon dioxide is shown over very long periods of time on Earth. From 400,000 years ago until present, the lines mapping out the temperature and CO2 levels in the atmosphere have stayed almost overlapping each other the entire time. It is also shown how the CO2 levels have affected the temperature. The CO2 levels have always changed first, subsideing or rising, with the temperature following that same trend almost immediately after.In Chart 1, tree core data over time is shown. The growth of trees is greatly impacted by the climate that they grow in, and with lukewarm temperatures due to a warmer climate they will have a longer growing season allowing for thicker rings. For example, in 1600-1649 the average ring onerousness on a tree has 0.24cm. Later, in 1900-1960 the average ring heaviness from the same tree was 0.37cm.IV. ConclusionThe original hypothesis stated that if CO2 levels affect climate, then the climate has changed overtime because of the increased greenhouse effect caused by higher levels of CO2 emissions. The data gathered supports and accepts this hypothesis. It is shown by multiple studies how two the CO2 parts per million and the average global temperature has risen over time. As the graphs show, the level of CO2 in the atmosphere has a choose impact on the average global temperature, causing the temperature to rise and fall as the levels of CO2 rise and fall.This lab is very important to the planet, and the mundane lives of everyone on the planet. Climate change has an impact on all brio on Earth, and even just a one degree change in average global temperature could end with catastrophic results. Even with immediate action, there will still be lasting implications on the planet. bulk can no longer ignore the changing climate, or relieve oneself that its not going to affect them. Humans have had a huge negative impact on the climate, and for the benefit of not altogether themselves but for life as we know it, such impacts need to be reversed.

Film Review of Apocalypto

1. Make a film review of the film commission on the major aspects of Maya culture a) Major characters in the film * cougar hired hand- son of Flint Sky * Flint Sky- leader of the village * Seven- wife of Jaguar Paw * Turtles Run- little son of Jaguar Paw * adjust Wolf- leader of the Mayan race who ravaged the village of Jaguar Paw * shopping center Eye- son of Zero Wolf, he is almost killed by Jaguar Paw b) Aspects of Maya culture -Mayans practice human sacrifice for their gods to hear their prayers.Mayans capture former(a) royalties from other kins for them to sacrifice. The high priests cut the breasts of the captives to win the beating heart onward beheading them. They offer the beating heart to their gods. The Mayans also practice slavery. c) Factors that brought the nightfall of Mayan civilization. -The first possibility that brought the downfall of the civilization is drought, due to lack of pissing they cannot plant crops including their main crop, the maize.The se cond possibility is that rulers felt that their power is weakness so they offer more and more human sacrifices to the point that they get captives from their own tribe. 2. Try to explain the following a) The opening quote at the start of the film A great civilization is not conquered from without until it has undone itself from within W. Durant -For me, the quote states that a great civilization or tribe can only be conquered if people from within will unmake it.People that are settling in that certain tribe will forever be the one who can destroy a prosperous tribe because they know what is the strength and the weakness of their place. b) The message relayed/conveyed by the arrival of Spanish ships in the end of the film. -I think Spanish conquistadors will use the give out of Christianity because they carry a cross. They will befriend the Mayans and they will let them be treated by them as their friends.

Gillette Case Essay

President, youthful business development, Gillette arctic Razor Division (SRD) Problem Ralph needs to reach company targets for earnings harvest-festival for his department by developing a new business product. Ralph has commissioned an extensive investigation into the blank cassette attach foodstuff and he views this market as poised for substantial growth and opportunity over the long-term range of ten to fifteen years.Ralph feels that his division is well positioned to recruit the market through utilization of its many another(prenominal) center field strengths. Market Overview The current blank memorialize market segment has many weaknesses, such as, lack of widespread distribution, lack of media coverage, poor product let out and packaging, and lack of a true market leader. These weaknesses in the blank cassette attach market are all areas where Gillette has developed strong core competencies in their Safety Razor Division.The blank cassette show market is segmente d into threesome distinct product markets Professional quality, Standard Quality, and Budget Quality and inside those segments there are recording lengths of 30, 60, 90 and 120 minute cassette tapes. Binghams consultants have focused on the 60-minute cassette tape market in particular. Gillette Safety Razor Division Decisions Gillette has four product options 1. ) do not enter market. 2. ) enter overlord tape market 3. ) enter monetary standard tape market. 4. ) enter the budget tape market.The professional quality market offers the sterling(prenominal) margin on products, but it is withal the smallest segment in the market. The professional segment will also have the most competitor as more established tape springrs enter the market. As such, the fierce competition may potentially saturate the market and decrease the margins on these tapes and answer it less appealing in the long run. Alternatively, standard tape market has moderate margins, but is a highly growing segment and is touch on for a market leader, such as a company resembling Gillette.Lastly, the budget market has the lowest profit margins, the highest volume sales, but also requires a high volume of sales in order to be profitable callable to the significant fixed costs associated with manufacturing. Gillettes manufacturing constraints make it difficult for Gillette to enter the budget product market and Gillette would not indispensableness to damage its defacement name by affiliating with a lower blockade product such as the budget quality tapes. (See appendix for decimal analysis) Recommendations & ConclusionsThe Gillette Safety Razor division should enter the Standard Quality 60-minute cassette tape market and target the teenager and student market as it is a growing segment and offers much potential. Gillette should distribute the tapes using their established convey and wholesalers. Gillette should promote this new line through an aggressive advertising class as a high stand ard quality tape superfluous from the defects of budget cassette tapes and with greater quality than the average standard tape. Gillette should leverage its brand name to promote the quality and value of these tapes.Gillettes pricing for the standard quality tapes should be priced at the regular retail price with the tendency that consumers will choose Gillettes product and pay more than the discounted brands due to Gillettes high quality and brand name. In this scenario, Gillettes monthly break-even quantity would be 518,758 units and it would make a monthly profit of $92,867 if it guardedly sells 750,000 units/mo. in year one. Annualized, the companys net profit would be $1,114,400 at 9,000,000 units sold.

“Let me not to the marriage of true minds” Essay

Let me not to the pairing of original minds by William Shakespe atomic number 18 is an Elizabethan sonnet of 14 lines divided in three Quatrains and the habitual rime couplet. In this particular poem Shakespeare uses a complete different approach, luring the reader by achieving a dramatic qualify of style.Although keeping the simple A/B/A/B/C/D/C/D/E/F/E/F/G/G rhyming scheme, providing the sonnet with an harmonious, fluid sound and freehanded it the pleasant impression of a light-hearted song Let me not to the conjugal union of straight minds does not fulfill all the typical criterias Shakespearean sonnet, the subject evoked being with verboten comparison to his previous pieces. Shakespeare deliberately takes an terrific turn, praising love in its purest form, w here(predicate) it is not only a simple feeling, simply a synergy of the souls, where obstacles seem meaningless on the road of happiness, where no Impediments can be admitted in the marriage of true minds.This grea t respect for love is already announced by the poet in the very title, as he preaches that he shall not come in between of love Let me not to the marriage of true minds nor put up any impediments to destroy this permanent bond. Love is not love which alters when alliteration finds . or bends with the remover to remove here(predicate) the precedent makes a steady statement, claiming that true love is strong, constant and can be in no way alliterated by adversity or the hands of judgment of conviction.If altered or shaken by a remover, proven impermanent by time as it was not apt to endure the arising obstacles in its path, this love is olibanum not comparable to the true love the seed makes allusion to, love is not love. trustworthy love is indeed an eer-fixed mark, an unfailing variable quantity that looks on tempest and is neer shaken It is the star to each billy clubring bark. The poet seems to personalize this notion of true love, by equivalence it to a trusty lig hthouse spreading light and hope to every wandring bark helping them find their path, unshaken by the tempest raging at its door.It is the star rising well above the ground, shining of all her glory and dominating the wandring bark. Here the bark is use as a metaphor, for the lovers navigating trough struggles, wandering but finding their way, finding their path guided by the light of true love. Whose worth unknown although the height may be taken as William Shakespeare so elegantly puts it, love can be measured or quantified to some degree, but it would be irrational to claim we can clear or comprehend the nature of true love as its worth is unknown. Loves not Times earn, through flushed lips and cheeks .. but it bears it out even to the edge of indicate Shakespeare is here demonstrating the for ever occurring rivalry between Love and Time. This rivalry is here accentuated by the important capitalization of the intelligence Time associated with the word fool turning in sar casm love makes it obvious for the reader that it was attributed more than just a minor role in the poem. This capitalization contrasts with the word love, and time could be here well interpreted as the antagonist or the principal obstacle in the path of true love.Time, jealous its sickle tightly between its long and pallid fingers walks the earth drain life out of the dying and youth out of the beautiful rosy lips, and cheeks . We can here note the allusion to the word sickle. The sickle, often co notated with the walking death or Grim reaper is here used as a comparison to the great plague by the author to reinforce the dramatic effects of time and its threat to lovers, thieving their youth, reaping all beauty from the eyes of the beholder and harvesting life.We can withal note the use of the alliteration in within his bending sickles compass come , providing a sound a irate cutting sound and bringing to reality the already vivid ensure of the sickle. Love is not Times fo ol and shall not be ridiculed in such way. The author brings to life the two terms by the mean of personification, accentuating the feeling of rivalry and opposition between the former and the latter, as true love can not be turned into derision or treated with condescension by the scornful time .True love will never alter or kowtow in front of brief hours and weeks but bears it to the edge of doom. By this poesy the author supports the claim that true love is eternal and shall not suffer the damages of time and remain as powerful as when the shine was first lit, carrying this abstract notion to the edge of death but bears it out even to the edge of doom. If this be error and upon me proved/ I never writ, Nor no man ever loved.Shakespeare concludes in his rhyming couplet (slant rhymes) that if, what he claims to be true is proven wrong, he has never writ or written and no man as ever loved. This closing curtain can seem to be based on an disoriented argument as we are all well a ware that Mr. Shakespeare is an author and has thus Writ in multiple occasions as we are also forced to accept the obviousness that man as loved. By confirming these statements as obviously truthful we are also judge them as the evidences confirming his claims, and are thus imposed by the conclusion to agree within these terms.

Gender Roles in Beowulf and The Decameron Essay

The Anglo- Saxon epic Beowulf and Giovanni Boccaccios Decameron tell very different stories, unless nevertheless can be said to share one(a) common literary element the theatrical of gender. twain Beowulf and many of the stories in the Decameron represent women as being the line of business to men in all respects. Beowulf is a manlike epic altogether, in which women are absent, silent or other omniscient merely a bastard that serves the world of men.In The Decameron on the other hand, although women are present in all the stories, Boccaccio makes them the victims of his irony most of the convictions, picturing them either as adulteresses or as very simple beings that completely lack cleverness, like the char who lets herself be persuaded by her lover that he is the angel Gabriel himself. However, in some(prenominal) Boccaccios tales and in Beowulf the role of the women is even more interesting to recognize when the authors intend to give a positive representation of them, in the solve of ideal women.The ideal women for the deuce texts, Griselda in Boccaccios hundred invoice and Wealhtheow in Beowulf offer indeed a good insight into the panache in which women were represented they are mean to be positive figures, tho they are ideal only insomuch as they are immaculate tools that serve in the mens world. Thus, Beowulf is as Gillian Overing nones, an absolutely masculine epic, which focuses only on heroism.The world of men is accurately constructed it is entirely smooth of mens wishes, mens actions and so on Beowulf is an irresistibly masculine poem it could be seen as a chronicle of male desire, a tale of men dyingThere is no pop for women in the masculine economy of Beowulf. (Overing, 69) Beowulf is the hero and later the king, who saves the Danish population of the powerful monster Grendel and of his mother.The very hardly a(prenominal) women who appear in the tale are mostly mentioned directly as instruments in the world of men, as pea ce-weavers more exactly, like Hrothgars daughter for example, who is mentioned directly as a promise to a certain man, as a means to bear peace to the kingdom Oft to the heroes Hrothgars daughter,/ to earls in turn, the ale-cup tendered, /she whom I comprehend these hall-companions/ Freawaru name, when fretted gold/ she proffered the warriors. Promised is she,/ gold-decked/ maid, to the glad son of Froda./ Sage this seems to the Scyldings-friend,/ kingdoms-keeper he counts it wise/ the cleaning lady to wed so and ward off feud,/ retentiveness of slaughter. But seldom ever/when men are slain, does the murder-spear sink/ save briefest while, though the bride be fair It is quite clear that this charwoman allowing probably fail even in her secondary role, as a peace maker, according to the prediction of the anonymous author. Wealhtheow, queen to Hrothgar is the only woman who is given a voice in the poem at all. Her two speeches, one addressed to her king and the other to Beowu lf mark very alpha moments in the poem, and she almost seems to have a certain power.She advises her king not to adopt Beowulf as a son, since he already has two sons of his owns, and pledges him to his ledger by offering a cup. She thus goes to Beowulf and offers another symbolic object, a neck-ring as a reward for his feats of heroism and urges him to fight again and represent death Enjoy this neck-ring with safety, Beowulf, beloved youth, and make use of this corselet, of our states treasure prosper headspring, declare yourself with strength, and be kind of counsel to these youths. I shall remember to reward you for that.You have brought it about that men shall praise you from removed and near for a long time to come. Here every nobleman is true to the other, mild of heart, loyal to his lord the thanes are united, the people willing the wine-drinking warriors do as I bid. (Beowulf, 1216-1231) In both these instances, the Danish queen seems to hold some power over the even ts and the world of men, since she performs such(prenominal) symbolic acts and since she herself declares that the warriors obey her. However, it is quite obvious that she also is an instrument erect like the other women mentioned in the text.She does not perform her own will, notwithstanding only acts as an ideal tool for men that takes the cup from one of them and gives it to another. It can be said that Wealhtheow is merely a mediator and a peace bringer in the poem, just like the other women represented. As Gillian Overing remarks, in Beowulf women serve only as mediators for the alliances between men, either done brotherhood or through symbolic, minor acts While we have no substance of guessing at Beowulfs sexuality, or at the poets or the heros personal views on marriage, we cannot ignore the strength of explicit masculine desire in the poem.Intensity and passion are located in the bonds of loyalty and friendship forged between men, and marriage is determine as an exte nsion of this larger emotional context. (Overing, 72) Thus, Wealhtheow is an ideal woman in Beowulf insomuch as she serves the purposes in mens world, her will merely coinciding with the desires of men. In the last twaddle of The Decameron, one of the very few that actually have a happy ending, Griselda the modest daughter of a shepherd is married to the Marquis of Saluzzo. Her role in the story is strikingly similar to that of Wealhtheow in Beowulf, even if the context is very different.In the story Gualtieri is a typical man, who as shown from the start, is preoccupied only with mens business, such as hunting, and despises the idea of marriage having neither wife nor child, he passed his time in naught else but in hawking and hunting, and of taking a wife and begetting children had no thought wherein he should have been accounted very wise(Boccaccio, 837) As the author declares, the idea of taking a wife would be completely unwise, suggesting that women are merely troublesome ac quisitions for men.However, Gualtieri is married at last, but chooses the daughter of a shepherd, so as to make sure she will be more likely to obey him in everything He then asked her, whether, if he took her to wife, she would study to comply with his wishes, and be not wroth, no issuing what he might say or do, and be obedient(Boccaccio, 840) aft(prenominal) a few happy years, he starts to deliberately torment his wife, through cruel acts, such as taking her children away and making her recollect they are dead or humiliating her for her base condition in front of everyone.All this is done of course to try the wifes patience and her limits in her total obedience to her husband. In the end, he makes her deliberate he is going to marry again, but instead brings her daughter, and the story ends well. The moralistic is quite evident Boccaccio attempted to portray his idea of the perfect woman, that is the woman is nothing else but an instrument of mans will.Griselda is so modest as to consider herself unworthy of any kind of regard, and so patient as to bear in silence her husband cruelty My lord, do with me as thou mayst deem best for thine own honour and comfort, for well I wot that I am of less account than they, and unworthy of this good estate (Boccaccio, 842) Her similarity to Wealhtheow is now apparent both the queen in Beowulf and Griselda are ideal women only because they serve men properly, as instruments, that do not have any will of their own.Thus, the heroines of the two texts, although they appear in very different contexts, are obviously represented in the resembling way, that is, as instruments that are in harmony with mens personal matters and desires. Their perfection comes precisely from their nullity as characters, as persons of their own will. Both of them are wives first of all, and are defined only through this role.Although their authors intended a positive representation of women through them, they are in incident just useful d evices for men, with no real consistence of their own. Works Cited Risden, Edward L. tr. Beowulf. troy Whitston Publishing, 1994. Boccaccio, Giovanni. The Decameron. New York Signet Classics, 2003 Overing, Gillian R. Language, Sign and Gender in Beowulf. Carbondale Southern Illinois University Press, 1990.

Breaking the Chains of Psychological Slavery

There is no such(prenominal) gravid thing to bring forth by any individual besides to feel that he has indecorousness. earthly concern struggle for liberty r by proscribed be rooted when the world was issueshined by war. These battles made possible for the more powerful forces to suppress and restrain the reeking ones. One race that is known in the past tense that experienced great slavery and condemnation is the Afri washstands-Ameri deposes. The history speaks for itself how these people lost their indep hold onence for a long time, consequently even though the fighting was over the attitudes of world a slaves can still be reflected with their living.Cruel days had gone notwithstanding it leaves a legacy of profound impact to the minds of people that they had been unknowingly past down to the succeeding generations, thus creating a chains of psychological slavery. The attitudes of a slave atomic number 18 still lingering in the personality of those stern people ev en at our present times furthermore it can be observe with their manners towards every aspect of their life such as to their work, personality, community, their color and their family. During the old times, work for the black Americans were a organize of punishments. They toil non for them selves but for their superiors.Forced labor is a form of slavery in that period, furthermore they create to exert immense effort in order for them to survive, with these practice they begin to hate job. They have been physically and emotionally traumatized by the whole thing, as a result they develop anger. They ar still contented on creation member of staff and acrophobic to put up on their on, thus revealing their slavery toward labor. yet though work in our present society is looked upon with pride for the movement that it becomes our bread and butter in order for us to survive, however this is not true for our black fellowmen.Being a serf to a chore, would also charm every aspect of a person. The authors identify this through connecting it with their persona and to their socialization with the population where they belong. The dilemma theyve been through ca apply them to have inferiority towards them selves thus touching their view about themselves. They lose their own confidence, neglecting their abilities, because making them removed to mingle with the crowd. Black Americans were isolated before in gatherings, moreover they experienced great color discrimination.Although these scenes is gone today, still the black Americans have timidity to mingle with people around them, specially to the white ones. They still have fear to be humiliated because of their color and become a express feelings stock by every one, thus the opportunity for friendship is lost. other though is their attitude towards their property, during the old days, the black people were not empower to have wealth they can have unlike the other races. They are being questioned, and sometime s what they have were taken from them for no apprehension at all.The social-political opportunity for them was also impossible, with these family relation was also affected. With the hardships they have gone through they develop a great love for their family because their family is the only thing they have. The authors exhibit the reality of what our fellow black American experienced. The outlooks that they have nowadays is actually the residue of what theyve been through. It leaves them an emotional shock, therefore leaving them a deep rational damage. They may not be free as what we think.Our objectives should not be to cry stale tears for the past, nor to rekindle old hatreds for past injustices. We should seeks pass our form of today by better understanding where and how the lights were turned out yesterday. (Douglass F. , Tubman H. , Crow J. , Claus S. , Blyden E. , and Lynch W. , 1996). Knowing the history is not a reason to remain in the dark, rather to get up one se lf out to liberation. Several approaches were mentioned and can be of great help. In order for us to be free, one must know their own self.Identifying your strengths as comfortably as your weaknesses is said to be the starting time of the emancipation process, thus recognizing these, you can devise a plan on how to improve your strong points and how to excrete the frail one. From these steps, love for your self get out rise up, as a result you provide not do anything that will hurt or abuse your self in any way. Together with love, the courage and trustfulness will follows. Confidence to fight and voice out what you think is right, and the freedom to express what is inside of your soul. The final stage is having an optimistic outlook towards life, thus believing that everything is possible to happen.Attaining positive views about one self will extend to the outside environment. Getting along with friends is now at easier hence the door for socialization will become widely open as well as the chance to great breaks in life. The freedom from being a slave to the cruelty of life will carry out. morality was also touch in breaking the chains of this psychological slavery. At the end of the day, God is still the most powerful being that they can turn to. Having a deep faith to the divine power was used as an instrument to escape from captivity. However psychological confusion arises.In the midst of burdens and trouble, the only thing important to the black American was to be free. They will try and do anything that comes to their mind, furthermore they have many options to choose but the doubt of success to freedom is still there. Even God was being doubted at that time. In spite of, they still end up with a solution which is to start from their self and from then on the light of liberty can be seen. No one can put them out of the cage of slavery except their own self. The author is right that in order to be liberated from any slavery, the first step should start from the self.Believe in your capabilities, that you can be successful in any path you wish to take to. Trust, love and respect are essential to demean the link of being a serf. We should not live with our past experiences, rather we should view the past as a test and from that test, there is a lesson learned that enable us to become a better individual. It is jussive mood for us to realize that at the final of each day, we will end up alone therefore no one has the right to insure our life but our self. Being tough and firm can make us free from the slavery of the world.